in the comming weeks we will be studying how the body adapts and learns skills to participate in various sporting settings.
The aim of this unit is to gain understanding and thus, an appreciation for the bodies ability to adapt and learn
Bio-mechanics
Lesson 1- Movement
http://www.ausport.gov.au/ais/sssm/ais_movement_science
Understanding and catagorising moment helps us to better our performance and prevent injury on the sporting field
Types of movement
Locomotor: moving body from one place to
another
Non-locomotor: static balance, movement to
side to side
Manipulative skills: like bowling, throwing etc.
Fundamental Movement skills and Specialised Movement Skills
Fundamental Movement Skills (FMS) are basic natural human movements such as running, jumping and hoping. While some of us may be more coordinated than others, these skills are ones that we can just do, without any practice. Once we start refining these skills to support (be used in) a specific context these skills become specialised (for a specific purpose). Specialised Movement Skills are refined skills such as a backhand Tennis slice. Fundamental skills work together with specialised skills in most sports,Tennis is a prime example. Why my this be?- Locomotor Skills
-Non-locomotor
-Manipulative
Each of these movements are used in everyday. List three sports that would make use of each of these types of skills.
Lesson Two
Skill Continuums
Gross motor skills: Large whole limb movements, kicking lifting
Fine motor: small, intricate movements like writing, drawing
List 5 of each and a sport where they may be required
Positive and Negative Transfer skills
Skills can be adapted from sport to sport. There are two different ways in which skills are transferred. Positive Transfer refers to the building of new skills on top of know skills to adapts skills to a new sport or movement
Negative Transfer occurs where a person may play two sports with similar skills but the are important details that need to be changed (therefore removed) in order to learn new elements within that larger skill.
Practice
- Reflection and coaching. Focus on smaller movements within the larger one, break the movement down and perfect small parts
- learn skills (movements) in order from easy to complicated
- Pressurised circumstances help the skill to develop and become intrinsic, habitual
Practice Methods
- Massed Practice: Long continuous practice sessions, lots of repetitions - used for simple skills
-Distribute Practice: Practice sessions spaced over a long period of time with rest in between. Thus revisiting the skill over and over, making small adjustments - good for complex skills
-Whole practice: practice of the entire skill in one complete sequence. this is useful to put the smaller parts of a movement together that have been learned previously. Also useful for simple 'natural' movements that cannot be broken down.
-Part Practice: breaks the task into distinctive parts for specific refinement.
Mental Practice Rehearsal
-mental visualising a skill in ones mind to prepare for a physical movement.
Activity: In pairs compose a new movement skill to teach to a classmate. Use some of the practice methods discussed above. Analyse how affective your teaching method was.
Activity:
Practice a skill: Choose an existing skill or movement or create a new one. In groups teach this Practice this movement using the following method. You can try this first - a Basketball layup
Mass Practice, Distributed Practice, Whole Practice, Part Practice or Mental Rehearsal.
Teach as skill of your choice using one of these practice techniques. present this to the class.
Part Two
OLYMPIC SPECIAL - The Olympic spirit
In 1896 the first Olympic games of the modern era was held in Greece.
Since the beginning the Olympic Games have represented the pinnacle of sport in all the world. It is a chance for the world to unite through sport as each country displays its best athlete striving to achieve the ultimate goals of becoming Olympic.champions.
During this lesson we take a chance to focus on the Olympics as we study the impact the Olympics have had on sport in Australia. After the the games finish for this year we will contiue to study Australia's sporing idenity through the windows of specific sports that have shpaed our country and the types of things we value as a sporting nation.
Click Here to Download Assessment Task for this unit
-
The Olympics used to be an
event for the amateur (non-professional). How has this changed? What impact has
this had on the the Olympics in terms of the competition level, equality opportunity?
- consider the following statement. Countries with more money often do better in the Olympics. Do you think this is true? Why or why not?
- In 1980 The Australian Government set up the AIS (Australian Institute of Sport) to improve Australia sporting ability and therefore Olympic results (1). The AIS has been a large impact on our strength as a sporting nation.
-
Originally an 'amateur' sporting event for non-professionals. What does this mean? how have institutions such as the AIS changed this amateur approach to sport?
Extension: “the spirit of the Olymipics” what
does this mean? Research the term discover other opinions and create your own? What is spiritual about the Olympics?
What do you think it is about sport the helps us to rise above adversity? How can you apply this to the everyday? How is the idea of perseverance displayed in the bible? Find some references
Elite Australian Olympian Athlete Studies
Cathy Freeman 400m Runner Sydney 2000
http://www.cathyfreeman.com.au/biography/
- List the most important atributes
- What impact do genetics have particularly in Sprinting Racing?
- http://run-down.com/guests/je_black_athletes_p2.php
- do you think you would be suitable as a 400m runner?
Ian Thorpe Mid Distance Swimmer Athens 2004
- Anaerobic (start)
- mostly aerobic system
-High Lactic tolerance
-large strong upper body through shoulders, arms, lats and back
-Large VO2 max (ability to take in and absorb oxygen
Extension Article David Pyne Ph.D.
Extension article Swim Science
The elite athlete mind
- competitive nature
-ability to endure pain
-focus and self discipline
Activity. Imagine you are an elite sport person. what type of self talk would you use to get yourself ready for an event?
Design an activity (way) of training these mental attributes of an elite athlete.
PASS Excursion Booklet
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| Year 8 PASS Excursion |
Lesson 3
Lesson 4
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(1) Boyd, A., Bultitude, S., Claxton, R., Haan, A., Gardon, L., Green, S., The Role of Sport in Shaping Autralia's Sporting Identity. Exploring PASS, Titan Education, Sydney (2008)
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